Earlier this week, health officials in Oregon, US confirmed the first case of bubonic plague in the state since 2005. Reports suggest that the individual contracted the disease from a sick pet cat.
The disease was promptly identified, and the individual received necessary antibiotic treatment. Health authorities also provided treatment to those who had been in contact with the infected person and the cat. Unfortunately, the cat did not survive despite receiving treatment.
The bubonic plague, infamous for causing the Black Death between 1346 and 1353 in Europe, is caused by Yersinia pestis, a bacteria that can spread between animals and humans. Typically found in small animals and their fleas, Y pestis can infect humans through flea bites, contact with infected bodily fluids or materials, or inhalation of respiratory droplets from a patient with pneumonic plague.
Symptoms of Bubonic Plague
Bubonic plague primarily affects the lymph nodes and can cause fever, headache, weakness, and painful, swollen lymph nodes. If untreated, it can progress to septicemic plague, characterized by symptoms like abdominal pain, shock, and bleeding into the skin. The most dangerous form, pneumonic plague, affects the lungs and is almost always fatal if left untreated.
Historical Impact of the Black Death
The Black Death, one of history’s deadliest disease outbreaks, decimated Europe’s population, leaving a lasting impact on survivors and shaping socio-economic landscapes. Genetic mutations that increased survival chances during the Black Death have been linked to certain autoimmune diseases today.
Despite its historical significance, the likelihood of another Black Death-like pandemic is minimal. Modern antibiotics and improved hygiene practices make bubonic plague manageable, with only a few thousand cases reported globally each year.
In conclusion, while the resurgence of bubonic plague may raise concerns, modern medicine has significantly reduced its threat compared to historical epidemics. Vigilance, early detection, and appropriate treatment remain essential in mitigating the risk of widespread outbreaks.
